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Open a larger version of the following image in a popup: A Dog Headed Chimera Aquamanile, Lisbon, 1620–1640
Open a larger version of the following image in a popup: A Dog Headed Chimera Aquamanile, Lisbon, 1620–1640
Open a larger version of the following image in a popup: A Dog Headed Chimera Aquamanile, Lisbon, 1620–1640
Open a larger version of the following image in a popup: A Dog Headed Chimera Aquamanile, Lisbon, 1620–1640
Open a larger version of the following image in a popup: A Dog Headed Chimera Aquamanile, Lisbon, 1620–1640
Open a larger version of the following image in a popup: A Dog Headed Chimera Aquamanile, Lisbon, 1620–1640

A Chimera Aquamanil, Lisbon, 1620-1640

portuguese faience
H.: 26.5 cm
C634
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Further images

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Provenance

Col. João Miguel Pinto Teixeira, Lisboa; Col. Sangreman Proença, Évora.

Publications

ROQUE, Mário, Lisboa na Origem da Chinoiserie, Lisboa, São Roque, 2018 (pp. 76-77); ROQUE, Mário, Lisboa na Origem da Chinoiserie, Lisboa, São Roque, 2024, Vo. 2, p. 160.
Extremely rare Portuguese faience aquamanile dating from thefirst half of the 17th century, decorated in cobalt-blue pigment ona tin-white enamelled ground. The unusual vessel is moulded andshaped as a fantastic chimera of dog head and neck and pronouncedfemale torso of marked waistline, fused onto a hybrid lower bodywith lion paws, bird wings and a long robust fish tail that curvesupwards, to join the back of the head, forming a handle.The decorative composition is highlighted and enriched bya bright cobalt-blue pigment in a variety of shades and ornamentalmotifs reflecting the influence of European prototypes, such asthe elaborate jewel-like necklace, the grotesque mask bodice, thescrolled acanthus shoulders and the two large abdominal fleuroncut by a keel like blade. The tale floral decoration however, albeitof looser and freer character, suggests the aesthetic grammar ofcontemporary Chinese porcelain prototypes.This rare piece, undoubtedly produced by a Lisbon potteryworkshop, was conceived with particular care, both in its shape andornamentation, and was most certainly destined to an aristocraticand erudite clientele that would display it in the courtly washing of the hands ceremony that preceded the meals. Identical use hadthe various extant bronze examples of equally extravagant shapesand aquatic allusions.The fantastic character of this aquamanile, distinct frommedieval creations and from other contemporary European pieces,was only conceivable due to the wide diversity of cultures and exoticobjects from far-away lands that merged in Lisbon, and overlappedwith Italian Renaissance elements and Mannerist grammars characteristicof early 17th century Portuguese art.According to Alexandre Pais, the dog-headed aquamanilecorresponds to the ‘Garrafa Cetus’, linking it to an engraving publishedin 1560 in C. Gesne’s Icones Animalium Aquatilium, whichdepicts a sea monster reportedly sighted in Germany in 1522. Paissuggests the possibility of it being commissioned by a Germanclientele, as no similar morphological references are known inother parts of Europe.1It is also relevant to refer the close decorative relationshipbetween this piece and contemporary tile productions, namely inrelation to the grotesque ornaments, and other simpler popularmotifs that reflected the naïve character of Portuguese ceramicpainters of the early to mid-17th century, such as some tile bordersand other freer ornamental compositions.This piece is associated to a small extant group, identical inshape and decorated in similar blue and white motifs, such as anaquamanile formerly in the José Maria Jorge collection and laterin the Mário Roque collection.Other extant mermaid or fish shaped aquamanilia, normallyof polychrome decoration, can be dated to the same periodand quite possibly, originate from one single pottery workshop.Outside Portugal, we reference the faience at the Victoriaand Albert Museum in London (Inv. 128071) and, in Germany, atthe Museum für Kunsthandwerk in Frankfurt am Main and theMuseum für Kunst und Gewerbe in Hamburg.2

1 Pais, Alexandre N., 2012, p. 319.
2 Idem, Ibidem.


Raro aquamanil de faiança portuguesa da primeira metade do século XVII, pintado a azul-cobalto sobre esmalte estanífero branco. Invulgar peça moldada e modelada, em forma de quimera fantástica, com cabeça levantada de equídeo, sobre pescoço alto, peito feminino pronunciado, cintura reentrante e restante corpo híbrido. Tem patas de leão, saliências laterais simulando asas e, no tardoz, cauda de peixe, cuja barbatana de remate está unida à cabeça da figura, formando a asa do aquamanil. Estas diversas formas são realçadas por rica decoração pintada em vários tons de azul e com ornatos diferenciados, como a gargantilha que acentua o pescoço e o colo, o colete que envolve o tronco com uma expressiva carranca representada na frente, acantos enrolados nas espaldas e dois florões na barriga, separados por uma espécie de quilha (fragmentada), reflectindo modelos europeus. Na cauda, a decoração floral, apesar de muito livre e solta, sugere o gosto decorativo da porcelana chinesa. Rara peça, produzida nas oficinas de Lisboa e concebida com grande requinte na forma e na decoração, que era certamente destinada a uma clientela aristocrática e erudita e servia à lavagem das mãos antes dos banquetes, com uma função idêntica à dos jarros, deitando a água pela boca da quimera, que era introduzida através de um orifício na cabeça da mesma. Tinham igual função outros aparatosos exemplares em bronze, de formas extravagantes e temas aquáticos. O carácter fantástico deste aquamanil, distinto das criações medievais e das peças europeias congéneres, só foi possível devido à diversidade de culturas e objectos insólitos, que neste período confluíam a Lisboa, fundindo-se com elementos ainda herdados do Renascimento italiano e com as manifestações maneiristas que caracterizavam a arte portuguesa da primeira metade do seculo XVII.Deve-se ainda referir a familiaridade entre esta peça e as várias composições da azulejaria coeva, nomeadamente os ornatos de grotesco e outros motivos populares que reflectiam o carácter mais ingénuo dos decoradores portugueses do segundo quartel do século XVII, como algumas cercaduras de padronagem e as composições ornamentais livres. Só um número restrito de vasilhas idênticas a esta, na forma e na decoração, chegaram ao presente, igualmente pintadas a azul e branco, com muitas semelhanças decorativas, como um exemplar que pertenceu à colecção de José Maria Jorge e mais tarde a Mário Roque, e outros em museus nacionais e estrangeiros. Neste grupo realçamos um jarro pintado em policromia da colecção particular M.P. Outros aquamanis conhecidos, em forma de sereia ou de peixe, geralmente pintados em policromia, poderão ser deste mesmo período e, possivelmente, da mesma oficina desta magnífica peça.Um exemplar semelhante esteve exposto em Un Firmament de Porcelaines, de la Chine à l’Europe, no Musée National des Arts Asiatiques – Guimet em Paris (Março – Junho de 2019).
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